Boston accent
local accent of Eastern New English English spoken in Boston
The Boston accent is a local accent of Eastern New England English.[1] It is spoken specifically in the city of Boston, its suburbs, and much of eastern Massachusetts. Eastern New England English also traditionally includes New Hampshire and Maine.[2] The accent originated with the Puritans who came to the area from East Anglia in the 17th century.[3] It was also influenced by 19th and 20th century immigrants from Ireland.[3] This resulted in the distinct r-dropping (locally called "wicked natural") dialect found in modern costal Massachusetts.[3]
Non-rhoticity
changeThe traditional Boston accent is non-rhotic, particularly in the early 1900s. Recent studies have shown that younger speakers tend to use more of a rhotic accent than older speakers from the Boston region.[4] The Boston accent is pronounced with a “broad A”. The letter "r" is dropped only in certain words like 'car' and 'hard'. For example, a person might “pahk the cah in Hahvahd yahd.”[1]
Lexicon
changeSome words used in the Boston area are:
- blinkers
- turn signals on a car (also U.K., Australia and New Zealand).[5] The Massachusetts Department of Transportation has displayed signs reminding motorists to "Use Yah Blinkah",[6] a phonetic representation of the phrase as spoken with a Boston accent.
- bubbler (or water bubbler)
- drinking fountain, pronounced "bubblah".[7][8] This term is also used in Wisconsin and Australia.
- frappe
- a beverage mixed with milk and ice cream, a.k.a. milkshake (in most other places), or if in Rhode Island (and especially if coffee flavored), called a "cabinet"[9]
- Hoodsie
- A small cup of ice cream, the kind that comes with a flat wooden spoon (from HP Hood, the dairy that sells them.)[10] Also (very offensive slang), a teenage girl.[5] Elsewhere occasionally known as a dixie cup.
- jimmies
- Chocolate ice cream sprinkles[11] Also common in the Philadelphia area.
- packie
- liquor store (from "package store")[12][13]
- pissah
- means something akin to "great" either realistically or sarcastically. Also spelled 'pissa'. This is from the word "pisser" with a Boston accent, but used as an adjective. Occasionally combined with "wicked" to yield "wicked pissah".[14]
- rotary
- traffic circle.[11] These full-speed circular intersections are common in Greater Boston.
- wicked
- Generally means "very" or "super" and is used as an adverb. "That hockey game was wicked awesome!" It can also be used to infer tones and moods, for example, "Ugh, that guy is wicked slow."
- spa
- A convenience store that has tonic on tap and (usually) sells sandwiches.[15][16][17][18][19]
- tonic
- soft drink; known elsewhere as soda[20]
- whiffle
- a crew cut or male haircut done with electric clippers.[5]
References
change- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Jennifer Schuessler. "Is That New England Accent in Retreat?". The New York Times. Retrieved February 3, 2017.
- ↑ Bernd Kortmann; Edgar W Schneider, A Handbook of Varieties of English: A Multi-Media Reference Tool (Berlin; New York: Mouton de Gruyter, 2005), p. 270
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Elizabeth Shockman (March 6, 2016). "Why is the Boston accent so wicked hard?". Public Radio International. Retrieved February 3, 2017.
- ↑ Patricia Irwin; Nagy, Naomi (2007). "Bostonians /r/ Speaking: A Quantitative Look at (R) in Boston". University of Pennsylvania Working Papers in Linguistics. 13 (2).
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Boston To English Dictionary at CelebrateBoston.com
- ↑ "Boston drivers urged to 'Use Yah Blinkah'". AP. Archived from the original on 2014-05-17. Retrieved 2014-06-07.
- ↑ Message 1: Summary of 'bubbler', archived from the original on November 19, 2000, retrieved February 2, 2017
{{citation}}: More than one of|archivedate=and|archive-date=specified (help); More than one of|archiveurl=and|archive-url=specified (help) - ↑ "Bubbler map - Wisconsin Englishes". Csumc.wisc.edu. Archived from the original on 2011-07-22. Retrieved 2012-06-18.
- ↑ Carolyn B. Heller. "Drinking a Cabinet: How to Talk Like a New Englander". Cbheller.com. C.B. Heller. Archived from the original on February 19, 2014. Retrieved February 2, 2014.
{{cite web}}: More than one of|archivedate=and|archive-date=specified (help); More than one of|archiveurl=and|archive-url=specified (help) - ↑ "Hoodsie". Glossary at Boston-Online.com. Archived from the original on February 11, 2012. Retrieved February 2, 2017.
{{cite web}}: More than one of|archivedate=and|archive-date=specified (help); More than one of|archiveurl=and|archive-url=specified (help) - ↑ 11.0 11.1 "Regional Vocabulary". The New York Times. 2006-03-17. Retrieved 2010-04-26.
- ↑ Dictionary of American Regional English
- ↑ Heather Gordon (2004). Newcomer's Handbook For Moving To And Living In Boston: Including Cambridge, Brookline, And Somerville. First Books. pp. 14. ISBN 978-0912301549.
- ↑ Mim Harrison (2011). Wicked Good Words: From Johnnycakes to Jug Handles, a Roundup of America's Regionalisms. Penguin. ISBN 978-1101543399.
- ↑ "Winship Spa - Brighton, MA". Yelp.com. Retrieved 2012-06-18.
- ↑ "Montrose Spa - Porter Square - Cambridge, MA". Yelp.com. Retrieved 2012-06-18.
- ↑ "Hillside Spa Cardoza Brothers - Beacon Hill - Boston, MA". Yelp.com. Retrieved 2012-06-18.
- ↑ "Hodgkin's Spa - Somerville, MA". Yelp.com. Retrieved 2012-06-18.
- ↑ "Sam's Spa Convenience - About - Google". Google Maps. Retrieved 2012-06-18.[permanent dead link]
- ↑ Labov et al., Atlas of North American English