Jōkyō

Japanese era from April 1684 to October 1688

Jōkyō (貞享) was a Japanese era name (年号,, nengō,, lit. "year name") after Tenna and before Genroku. This period started in February 1684 and ended in September 1688.[1] During this time, the emperors were Reigen-tennō (霊元天皇)[2] and Higashiyama-tennō (東山天皇).[3]

Events of the Jōkyō era

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The new era of Jōkyō gannen (貞享元年) was created by the Imperial court. After 1684, the power to create a calendar shifted to the shogunate.[4] The Tokugawa astrology bureau developed a calendar which was independent of Chinese almanacs.[5]

  • 1684 (Jōkyō 1): A fire burned the Imperial palace to ashes; and the reconstruction took a year.[6]
 
In the 1st year of Jōkyō, Chikamatsu Monzaemon began writing plays
  • 26 March 1685 (Jōkyō 2, 22nd day of the 2nd month): The former Emperor Go-Sai died;[8] and a large comet appeared in the night sky.[9]
  • 1689 (Jōkyō 6'): Calendar with seven-day week.[11]
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References

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  1. Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2002). "Jōkyō" Japan Encyclopedia, p. 431.
  2. Nussbaum, "Reigen Tennō," p. 785.
  3. Nussbaum, "Higashiyama Tennō," p. 310; Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Annales des empereurs du japon, p. 414-415.
  4. Murdoch, James. (1996). A History of Japan, pp. 185-186.
  5. Nussbaum, "Jōkyō-reki," p. 431; Fiévé, Nicolas. Japanese Capitals in Historical Perspective, p. 236.
  6. Ponsonby-Fane, Richard. (1956). Kyoto: The Old Capital of Japan, 794–1869, p. 342.
  7. Calvet, Robert. (2003). Les Japonais, p. 182.
  8. Meyer, Eva-Maria. (1999). Japans Kaiserhof in der Edo-Zeit, p. 186; Imperial Household Agency (Kunaichō), 後西天皇 (111); retrieved 2012-5-27.
  9. Titsingh, p. 415.
  10. Titsingh, p. 415; Varley, H. Paul. (1980). Jinnō Shōtōki, p. 44; a distinct act of senso is unrecognized prior to Emperor Tenji; and all sovereigns except Jitō, Yōzei, Go-Toba, and Fushimi have senso and sokui in the same year until the reign of Emperor Go-Murakami. Compare Kunaichō, Ceremony of Accession (Sokui-no-Rei); retrieved 2012-6-29.
  11. Cork, Jessica Kennett. (2010). The Lunisolar Calendar: A Sociology of Japanese Time, p. 17.

Other websites

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Jōkyō 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th
1684 1685 1686 1687 1688
Preceded by:
Tenna
Era or nengō:
Jōkyō
Succeeded by:
Genroku