Kangxi Emperor
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The Kangxi Emperor (4 May 1654 – 20 December 1722) was the third emperor of the Qing dynasty. He was the second Qing emperor to rule over China proper. His reign of 61 years makes him the longest-reigning Chinese emperor. Kangxi was also one of the longest-reigning rulers in history.[1] He is considered one of China's greatest emperors.[2]
| Kangxi Emperor | |
|---|---|
| Reign | 5 February 1661 – 20 December 1722 |
| Predecessor | Shunzhi Emperor |
| Successor | Yongzheng Emperor |
| Regent | Sonin (1661–1667)
Ebilun (1661–1667) Suksaha (1661–1667) Oboi (1661–1669) |
| Spouse | Empress Xiaochengren
(m. 1665; died 1674) Empress Xiaozhaoren (m. 1665; died 1678) Empress Xiaoyiren (died 1689) Empress Xiaogongren (before 1722) |
| Issue | Yunzhi
Yunreng, Prince Limi of the First Rank Yunzhi, Prince Chengyin of the Second Rank Yongzheng Emperor Yunki, Prince Hengwen of the First Rank Yunyou, Prince Chundu of the First Rank Yunsi Yuntang Yun'e Yuntao, Prince Lüyi of the First Rank Yinxiang, Prince Yixian of the First Rank Yunti, Prince Xunqin of the Second Rank Yunxu, Prince Yuke of the Second Rank Yunlu, Prince Zhuangke of the First Rank Yunli, Prince Guoyi of the First Rank Yunyi Yunxi, Prince Shenjing of the Second Rank Yunhu Yunqi Yunbi, Prince Xianke of the First Rank Princess Rongxian of the First Rank Princess Duanjing of the Second Rank Princess Kejing of the First Rank Princess Wenxian of the First Rank Princess Chunque of the First Rank Princess Wenke of the Second Rank Princess Quejing of the Second Rank Princess Dunke of the Second Rank |
| Father | Shunzhi Emperor |
| Mother | Empress Xiaokangzhang |
Kangxi was the third son of the Shunzhi Emperor. He was enthroned at the age of seven. After assuming personal rule, Kangxi's actions sparked the Revolt of the Three Feudatories. He suppressed the revolt. Kangxi also forced his neighbors to submit to Qing rule. He also launched an expedition that brought Tibet into the empire.
Kangxi initially welcomed the Jesuits and Catholicism. This came to an end as a result of the Chinese Rites controversy.
Later in his reign, Kangxi became involved in a prolonged succession dispute. Kangxi died in 1722 at the age of 68 and was followed by his fourth son.
The Kangxi Emperor's reign brought stability and wealth after years of war and chaos. He started the period known as the High Qing era. This era lasted for several generations after his death. His court also produced important literary works: Kangxi Dictionary, the Complete Tang Poems poetry anthology, and the Complete Classics Collection of Ancient China.
References
change- ↑ "Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty (1654–1722; reigned 1662–1722)", An Anthology of Chinese Discourse on Translation (Volume 2), Routledge, pp. 156–159, 2016-09-13, ISBN 978-1-315-54477-9, retrieved 2024-07-28
- ↑ Taylor, Larissa; Magill, Frank N., eds. (2006). Great lives from history. The 17th century, 1601-1700. Pasadena, Calif: Salem Press. ISBN 978-1-58765-222-6.