List of Portuguese monarchs
Wikimedia list article
This is a list of Portuguese monarchs who ruled from the start of the Kingdom of Portugal, in 1139, to the start of the Portuguese Republic with the 5 October 1910 revolution.
King of Portugal and the Algarves | |
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Former Monarchy | |
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Royal Coat of Arms of Portugal | |
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Manuel II, last King of Portugal | |
First monarch | Afonso I |
Last monarch | Manuel II |
Style | His Most Faithful Majesty |
Official residence | Royal residences in Portugal |
Monarchy started | 25 July 1139 |
Monarchy ended | 5 October 1910 |
During the 800 years, the kings had different titles and pretensions. Two kings of Portugal, Ferdinand I and Afonso V, is also the Crown of Castile. When the House of Habsburg took over, the kings of Spain, Naples, and Sicily also became kings of Portugal. The House of Braganza also had royalty outside Portugal, including King of Brazil.
Different royal families have ruled Portugal. These houses are:
- House of Burgundy (1139–1383)
- House of Aviz (1385–1581)
- House of Habsburg (1581–1640)
- House of Braganza (1640–1910)
House of Burgundy
changeName | Lifespan | Reign start | Reign end | Notes | Family | Image |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Afonso I
| 1106/09/11 – 6 December 1185 (aged 73–79) | 25 July 1139 | 6 December 1185 | previously Count of Portugal, founder of the Kingdom of Portugal Son of Henry, Count of Portugal and Teresa, Countess of Portugal | Burgundy | |
Sancho I
| 11 November 1154 – 26 March 1211 (aged 56) | 6 December 1185 | 26 March 1211 | Son of Afonso I | Burgundy | |
Afonso II
| 23 April 1185 – 25 March 1223 (aged 37) | 27 March 1211 | 25 March 1223 | Son of Sancho I | Burgundy | |
Sancho II
| 8 September 1209 – 4 January 1248 (aged 38) | 26 March 1223 | 4 December 1247 | Son of Afonso II | Burgundy | |
Afonso III
| 5 May 1210 – 16 February 1279 (aged 68) | 4 January 1248 | 16 February 1279 | Son of Afonso II Brother of Sancho II | Burgundy | |
Denis I
| 9 October 1261 – 7 January 1325 (aged 63) | 6 February 1279 | 7 January 1325 | Son of Afonso III | Burgundy | |
Afonso IV
| 8 February 1291 – 28 May 1357 (aged 66) | 7 January 1325 | 28 May 1357 | Son of Denis I | Burgundy | |
Peter I
| 8 April 1320 – 18 January 1367 (aged 46) | 28 May 1357 | 18 January 1367 | Son of Afonso IV | Burgundy | |
Ferdinand I
| 31 October 1345 – 22 October 1383 (aged 37) | 18 January 1367 | 22 October 1383 | Son of Peter I | Burgundy |
House of Aviz
changeName | Lifespan | Reign start | Reign end | Notes | Family | Image |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
John I
| 11 April 1357 – 14 August 1433 (aged 75) | 6 April 1385 | 14 August 1433 | Illegitimate son of Peter I | Aviz | |
Edward
| 31 October 1391 – 9 September 1438 (aged 46) | 14 August 1433 | 9 September 1438 | Son of John I | Aviz | |
Afonso V
| 15 January 1432 – 28 August 1481 (aged 49) | 13 September 1438 — 15 November 1477 | 11 November 1477 — 28 August 1481 | Son of Edward I | Aviz | |
John II
| 3 March 1455 – 25 October 1495 (aged 40) | 11 November 1477 — 28 August 1481 | 15 November 1477 — 25 October 1495 | Son of Afonso V | Aviz | |
Manuel I
| 31 May 1469 – 13 December 1521 (aged 52) | 25 October 1495 | 13 December 1521 | Cousin of John II Grandson of Edward I | Aviz | |
John III
| 7 June 1502 – 11 June 1557 (aged 55) | 13 December 1521 | 11 June 1557 | Son of Manuel I | Aviz | |
Sebastian I
| 20 January 1554 – 4 August 1578 (aged 24) | 11 June 1557 | 4 August 1578 | Grandson of John III | Aviz | |
Henry I
| 31 January 1512 – 31 January 1580 (aged 68) | 4 August 1578 | 31 January 1580 | Son of Manuel I Brother of John III Great-uncle of Sebastian | Aviz | |
Anthony I
| 1531 – 28 August 1595 (aged 64) | (Disputed) 24 July 1580 | (Disputed) 1583 | Grandson of Manuel I Nephew of Henry I | Aviz |
House of Habsburg
changeName | Lifespan | Reign start | Reign end | Notes | Family | Image |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Philip I
| 21 May 1527 – 13 September 1598 (aged 71) | 17 April 1581 | 13 September 1598 | Grandson of Manuel I Nephew of Henry I | Habsburg | |
Philip II
| 14 April 1578 – 31 March 1621 (aged 42) | 13 September 1598 | 31 March 1621 | Son of Philip I | Habsburg | |
Philip III
| 8 April 1605 – 17 September 1665 (aged 60) | 31 March 1621 | 1 December 1640 | Son of Philip II | Habsburg |
House of Braganza
changeName | Lifespan | Reign start | Reign end | Notes | Family | Image |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
John IV
| 19 March 1604 – 6 November 1656 (aged 53) | 1 December 1640 | 6 November 1656 | Great-great-grandson of Manuel I | Braganza | |
Afonso VI
| 21 August 1643 – 12 September 1683 (aged 40) | 6 November 1656 | 12 September 1683 | Son of John IV | Braganza | |
Peter II
| 26 April 1648 – 9 December 1706 (aged 58) | 6 November 1683 | 9 December 1706 | Son of John IV Brother of Afonso VI | Braganza | |
John V
| 22 October 1689 – 31 July 1750 (aged 60) | 9 December 1706 | 31 July 1750 | Son of Peter II | Braganza | |
Joseph I
| 6 June 1714 – 24 February 1777 (age 62) | 31 July 1750 | 24 February 1777 | Son of John V | Braganza | |
Maria I
| 17 December 1734 – 20 March 1816 (aged 81) | 24 February 1777 | 20 March 1816 | Daughter of Joseph I | Braganza | |
Peter III
| 5 July 1717 – 25 May 1786 (aged 68) | 24 February 1777 | 25 May 1786 | Husband of Maria I Son of John V jure uxoris king | Braganza | |
John VI
| 13 May 1767 – 10 March 1826 (aged 58) | 20 March 1816 | 10 March 1826 | Son of Maria I and Peter III | Braganza | |
Peter IV
| 12 October 1798 – 24 September 1834 (aged 35) | 10 March 1826 | 2 May 1826 | Son of John VI | Braganza | |
Maria II
| 4 April 1819 – 15 November 1853 (aged 34) | 2 May 1826 26 May 1834 | 23 June 1828 15 November 1853 | Daughter of Peter IV | Braganza | |
Michael I
| 26 October 1802 – 14 November 1866 (aged 64) | 26 February 1828 | 6 May 1834 | Son of John VI Brother of Peter IV Uncle of Maria II | Braganza | |
Ferdinand II
| 29 October 1816 – 15 December 1885 (aged 69) | 16 September 1837 | 15 November 1853 | Husband of Maria II jure uxoris king | Saxe-Coburg-Gotha-Koháry | |
Peter V
| 16 September 1837 – 11 November 1861 (aged 24) | 15 November 1853 | 11 November 1861 | Son of Maria II and Ferdinand II | Braganza/Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha[1] | |
Louis I
| 31 October 1838 – 19 October 1889 (aged 50) | 11 November 1861 | 19 October 1889 | Son of Maria II and Ferdinand II Brother of Peter V | Braganza/Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha[1] | |
Carlos I
| 28 September 1863 – 1 February 1908 (aged 44) | 19 October 1889 | 1 February 1908 | Son of Louís I | Braganza/Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha[1] | |
Manuel II
| 15 November 1889 – 2 July 1932 (aged 42) | 1 February 1908 | 5 October 1910 | Son of Carlos I Last King of Portugal | Braganza/Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha[1][2] |
References
change- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Also referred as the House of Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha. "While remaining patrilineal dynasts of the duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha according to pp. 88, 116 of the 1944 Almanach de Gotha, Title 1, Chapter 1, Article 5 of the 1838 Portuguese constitution declared, with respect to Ferdinand II of Portugal's issue by his first wife, that 'the Most Serene House of Braganza is the reigning house of Portugal and continues through the Person of the Lady Queen Maria II'. Thus their mutual descendants constitute the Coburg line of the House of Braganza"
- ↑ Some historians consider that Manuel II was preceded by his elder brother Luís Filipe, not by his father Carlos. In fact, while king Carlos died instantly under the bullets of the anarchists on 1 February 1908, his son Luís Filipe, the crown prince, survived for at least twenty-five minutes, enough to allow governmental officials to name him king. This act is, however, usually considered as historically irrelevant, given that the crown prince never recovered from his coma. His younger brother Manuel (who was also injured, though not seriously) is therefore considered to have been the direct successor of the murdered king Carlos I.