Melvin Calvin
Melvin Ellis Calvin (April 8, 1911 – January 8, 1997)[2] was an American chemist. He discovered the Calvin cycle (with Andrew Benson and James Bassham). He was awarded the 1961 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for this work. Calvin spent most of his five-decade career at the University of California, Berkeley.
Melvin Calvin | |
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| Born | Melvin Ellis Calvin April 8, 1911 St. Paul, Minnesota, U.S. |
| Died | January 8, 1997 (aged 85) Berkeley, California, U.S. |
| Nationality | United States |
| Alma mater | Michigan College of Mining and Technology University of Minnesota |
| Known for | Calvin cycle |
| Spouse | Genevieve Elle Jemtegaard (m. 1942; 3 children) (d.1987) |
| Awards | Nobel Prize for Chemistry (1961) Davy Medal (1964) Priestley Medal (1978) AIC Gold Medal (1979) National Medal of Science (1989)[1] |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Chemistry · Biology |
| Institutions | University of Manchester University of California, Berkeley Berkeley Radiation Laboratory Science Advisory Committee |
| Academic advisors | Michael Polanyi |
Using the carbon-14 isotope as a tracer, Calvin and colleagues mapped the complete route that carbon travels through a plant during photosynthesis. It starts with its absorption as atmospheric carbon dioxide, and ends with its conversion into carbohydrates and other organic compounds.[3][4]
They showed that sunlight acts on the chlorophyll in a plant to fuel the manufacture of organic compounds. Calvin was the sole recipient of the 1961 Nobel Prize for Chemistry. He wrote an autobiography three decades later titled Following the trail of light: a scientific odyssey.[5]
During the 1950s he was among the first members of the Society for General Systems Research. In 1963 he was given the additional title of Professor of Molecular Biology.
References
change- ↑ National Science Foundation - The President's National Medal of Science
- ↑ Seaborg G.T; Benson A.A. 2008. Melvin Calvin. 8 April 1911 -- 8 January 1997. Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society 54: 59. [1]
- ↑ Calvin, M (1956). "The photosynthetic cycle". Bull. Soc. Chim. Biol. Vol. 38, no. 11 (published Dec 7, 1956). pp. 1233–44. PMID 13383309.
- ↑ Barker, S.A.; Bassham, J.A.; Calvin, M; Quarck, U.C. (1956). "Intermediates in the photosynthetic cycle". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. Vol. 21, no. 2. pp. 376–7. doi:10.1016/0006-3002(56)90022-1. PMID 13363921.
- ↑ Calvin, Melvin (1992). Following the trail of light: a scientific odyssey. Wiley VCH. ISBN 0-8412-1828-5.