Tocharian languages

extinct Indo-European languages in Asia

The Tocharian languages were a branch of the Indo-European languages. They are now extinct. They were spoken on the northern side of the Tarim Basin (now in Xinjiang, China). Writing was found from around the 5th century to the 8th century AD. There were three known languages in the branch, named A, B and C.[4]

Tocharian
paper fragment with writing
Tocharian B manuscript, c. 7th century AD
Native toAgni, Kucha, Turfan and Krorän
RegionTarim Basin
EthnicityTocharians
Extinct9th century AD
Indo-European
  • Tocharian
Dialects
  • Agnean (Tocharian A)
  • Kuchean (Tocharian B)
  • Kroränian (Tocharian C)[1]
Language codes
ISO 639-3Either:
xto – Tocharian A
txb – Tocharian B
xto Tocharian A
 txb Tocharian B
Glottologtokh1241
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References

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  1. Mallory, J.P. (2010). "Bronze Age languages of the Tarim Basin" (PDF). Expedition. 52 (3): 44–53. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2021-01-09. Retrieved 2020-06-06.
  2. Krause, Todd B.; Slocum, Jonathan. "Tocharian Online: Series Introduction". University of Texas at Austin. Retrieved 17 April 2020.
  3. Mallory, J.P.; Adams, Douglas Q., eds. (1997). Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture. London: Fitzroy Dearborn. p. 509. ISBN 978-1-884964-98-5.
  4. Adams, Douglas Q. "'Tocharian C' Again: The Plot Thickens and the Mystery Deepens". Language Log. Retrieved 25 September 2019.