Voiced velar plosive

consonantal sound

The voiced velar stop is a type of consonant. The letter for this sound in the International Phonetic Alphabet is ⟨g⟩. The X-SAMPA symbol for this sound is ⟨g⟩. The English language has this sound, and it is the sound represented by the "g" in gear and grow.

Voiced velar plosive
ɡ
IPA Number110
Encoding
Entity (decimal)ɡ
Unicode (hex)U+0261
X-SAMPAg

Features

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Examples

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Language Word IPA Meaning
Abkhaz ажыга/ažyga [aˈʐəɡa] 'shovel'
Adyghe Shapsug гьэгуалъэ/g'ègwal"è  [ɡʲaɡʷaːɬa]  'toy'
Temirgoy чъыгы/ č"ygy  [t͡ʂəɡə]  'tree'
Albanian gomar [ˈɡomaɾ] 'donkey'
Arabic[1] Moroccan أݣادير‎/'agaadiir [ʔaɡaːdiːr] 'Agadir'
Tunisian ڨفصة‎‎/gafs'a  [ɡɑfsˤɑ] 'Gafsa'
Hejazi قمر/gamar [ɡamar] 'moon'
Najdi [ɡəmar]
Sa'idi [ɡɑmɑr]
Yemeni قال/gaal [gæːl] '(he) said'
جمل/gamal [gæmæl] 'camel'
Egyptian راجل/raagel [ˈɾɑːɡel] 'man'
Armenian Eastern[2] գանձ/ganç  [ɡɑndz]  'treasure'
Assyrian ܓܢܐ ɡana [ɡaːna] 'self'
Azerbaijani qara [ɡɑɾɑ] 'black'
Basque galdu [ɡaldu] 'lose'
Bengali গান/gan [ɡan] 'song'
Bulgarian гора/gora [ɡora] 'forest'
Catalan[3] guant [ˈɡwɑnt] 'glove'
Chinese Southern Min / góa [ɡua] 'I'
Wu / woã [ɡuɑ̃] 'crazy'
Xiang / wong [ɡoŋ] 'together'
Chechen говр/govr [ɡovr] 'horse'
Czech gram [ɡram] 'gram'
Dutch All dialects zakdoek  [ˈzɑɡduk]  'tissue'
Standard[4]
Many speakers goal  [ɡoːɫ]  'goal'
Amelands goëd [ɡuə̯t] 'good'
English gaggle [ˈɡæɡɫ̩] 'gaggle'
Esperanto bongusta [bonˈgusta] 'tasty'
Filipino gulo [ɡulɔ] 'commotion'
French[5] gain [ɡɛ̃] 'earnings'
Georgian[6] ული/guli [ˈɡuli] 'heart'
German ge [ˈlyːɡə] 'lie'
Greek γκάρισμα / gkárisma [ˈɡɐɾizmɐ] 'donkey's bray'
Gujarati ગાવું/gāvu [gaːʋʊ̃] 'to sing'
Hebrew גב/gav [ɡav] 'back'
Hindustani गाना / گانا [ɡɑːnɑː] 'song'
Hungarian engedély [ɛŋɡɛdeːj] 'permission'
Irish gaineamh [ˈɡanʲəw] 'sand'
Italian[7] gare [ˈɡäːre] 'competitions'
Japanese[8] 外套 / gaitō [ɡaitoː] 'overcoat'
Kabardian Baslaney гьанэ/ k'anė  [ɡʲaːna]  'shirt'
Kagayanen[9] kalag [kað̞aɡ] 'spirit'
Khmer ហ្គាស / hkas [gaːh] 'gas'
Korean 메기 / megi [meɡi] 'catfish'
Lithuanian garai [ɡɐrɐɪ̯ˑ] 'steam'
Macedonian гром/grom [ɡrɔm] 'thunder'
Malay guni [ɡuni] 'sack'
Marathi वत [ɡəʋət] 'grass'
Nepali गाउँ [ɡä̃ũ̯] 'village'
Norwegian gull [ɡʉl] 'gold'
Odia ଗଛ/gacha [ɡɔtʃʰɔ] 'tree'
Persian گوشت/gušt [guʃt] 'meat'
Polish[10] gmin  [ɡmʲin̪]  'plebs'
Portuguese[11] língua [ˈɫĩɡwɐ] 'tongue'
Punjabi ਗਾਂ/gaa [ɡɑ̃ː] 'cow'
Romanian[12] gând [ɡɨnd] 'thought'
Russian[13] голова/golova  [ɡəɫɐˈva]  'head'
Serbo-Croatian[14] гост / gost [gȏ̞ːs̪t̪] 'guest'
Slovak miazga [ˈmjäzɡä] 'lymph'
Somali gaabi [ɡaːbi] 'to shorten'
Spanish[15] gato [ˈɡät̪o̞] 'cat'
Swahili giza [ˈɡīzɑ] 'darkness'
Swedish god [ɡuːd̪] 'tasty'
Turkish salgın [säɫˈɡɯn] 'epidemic'
Ukrainian[16] ґанок/g̀anok [ˈɡɑn̪ok] 'porch'
Welsh gwyn [ɡwɪn] or [ɡwɨ̞n] 'white'
West Frisian gasp [ɡɔsp] 'buckle' (n.)
Yi / gge [ɡɤ˧] 'hear'
Zapotec Tilquiapan[17] gan [ɡaŋ] 'will be able'

References

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  • Danyenko, Andrii; Vakulenko, Serhii (1995), Ukrainian, Lincom Europa, ISBN 978-3-929075-08-3
  • Dum-Tragut, Jasmine (2009), Armenian: Modern Eastern Armenian, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company
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  • Olson, Kenneth; Mielke, Jeff; Sanicas-Daguman, Josephine; Pebley, Carol Jean; Paterson, Hugh J., III (2010), "The phonetic status of the (inter)dental approximant", Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 40 (2): 199–215, doi:10.1017/S0025100309990296, S2CID 38504322{{citation}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  • Padgett, Jaye (2003), "Contrast and Post-Velar Fronting in Russian", Natural Language & Linguistic Theory, 21 (1): 39–87, doi:10.1023/A:1021879906505, S2CID 13470826
  • Rogers, Derek; d'Arcangeli, Luciana (2004), "Italian", Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 34 (1): 117–121, doi:10.1017/S0025100304001628
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  • Thompson, Laurence (1959), "Saigon phonemics", Language, 35 (3): 454–476, doi:10.2307/411232, JSTOR 411232
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  • Landau, Ernestina; Lončarića, Mijo; Horga, Damir; Škarić, Ivo (1999), "Croatian", Handbook of the International Phonetic Association: A guide to the use of the International Phonetic Alphabet, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 66–69, ISBN 978-0-521-65236-0