Zhiyi
Chinese Buddhist founder of Tiantai tradition (538-597)
Zhiyi (Chinese: 智顗; pinyin: Zhìyǐ; Wade–Giles: Chih-i; Japanese pronunciation: Chigi; Korean: 지의; 538–597 CE) also Chen De'an (陳德安), was an important Chinese Buddhist philosopher. Zhiyi is famous for developing a well developed philosophical system for Chinese Buddhism. He is also known for having made a big break with Indian Buddhist traditions.
Zhiyi | |
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智顗 | |
![]() Painting of Śramaṇa Zhiyi. | |
Other names | Chen De'an (陳德安), Master Tiantai (天台大師), Master Zhizhe (智者大師) |
Personal | |
Born | 16 February 538 Gong'an County, Hubei, China |
Died | 3 August 597 Tiantai County, Zhejiang, China | (aged 59)
Religion | Buddhism |
Nationality | Chinese |
School | Tiantai |
Lineage | 4th generation |
Other names | Chen De'an (陳德安), Master Tiantai (天台大師), Master Zhizhe (智者大師) |
Dharma names | Zhiyi |
Temple | Waguan Temple Guoqing Temple |
Senior posting | |
Teacher | Faxu (法緒) Huikuang (慧曠) Nanyue Huisi |
Zhiyi | |||||||||||||||||||
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Traditional Chinese | 智顗 | ||||||||||||||||||
Simplified Chinese | 智𫖮 | ||||||||||||||||||
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Korean name | |||||||||||||||||||
Hangul | 지의 | ||||||||||||||||||
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Japanese name | |||||||||||||||||||
Kanji | 智顗 | ||||||||||||||||||
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According to David W. Chappell, Zhiyi "has been ranked with Thomas Aquinas and al-Ghazali as one of the great systematizers of religious thought and practice in world history."[1]
References
change- ↑ Swanson, Paul L. (1989). Foundations of Tʻien-Tʻai philosophy : the flowering of the two truths theory in Chinese Buddhism. Berkeley, Calif.: Asian Humanities Press. ISBN 0-89581-918-X. OCLC 19270856.
Works
change- Dharmamitra (trans.): The Essentials of Buddhist Meditation by Shramana Zhiyi, Kalavinka Press 2008, ISBN 978-1-935413-00-4
- Donner, Neal & Daniel B. Stevenson (1993). The Great Calming and Contemplation. Honolulu: University of Hawai‘i Press.
- Shen, Haiyan. The Profound Meaning of the Lotus Sutra: T'ien-t'ai Philosophy of Buddhism volumes I and II. Delhi: Originals, 2005. ISBN 8188629413ISBN 8188629413
- Swanson, Paul L.; trans. (2004). The Great Cessation and Contemplation (Mo-ho Chih-kuan, Chapter 1-6), CD-ROM, Tokyo: Kosei Publishing Co.
- Tam, Wai Lun (1986). A Study and Translation on the Kuan-hsin-lun of Chih-i (538-597) and its Commentary by Kuan-Ting, Hamilton, Ontario: McMaster University
- Thich Tien Tam, trans. (1992). Ten Doubt about Pure Land by Dharma Master Chi-I (T. 47 No. 1961). In: Pure Land Buddhism - Dialogues with Ancient Masters, NY: Sutra Translation Committee of the United States and Canada & Buddha Dharma Education Association, pp. 19–51.
Secondary sources
change- Chappell, David W. (1987). 'Is Tendai Buddhism Relevant to the Modern World?', Japanese Journal of Religious Studies 14/2-3, 247–266.
- Dumoulin, Heinrich (1993). "Early Chinese Zen Reexamined ~ A Supplement to 'Zen Buddhism: A History'", Japanese Journal of Religious Studies 1993 20/1.
- Dumoulin, Heinrich (author); Heisig, James W. (trans.) & Knitter, Paul, trans. (2005). Zen Buddhism: A History. Volume 1: India and China. World Wisdom. ISBN 978-0-941532-89-1ISBN 978-0-941532-89-1
- Hurvitz, Leon (1962). Chih-i (538–597): An Introduction to the Life and Ideas of a Chinese Buddhist Monk. Mélanges Chinois et Bouddhiques XII, Bruxelles: Institut Belge des Hautes Études Chinoises.
- Kantor, Hans-Rudolf (2002). Contemplation: Practice, Doctrine and Wisdom in the Teaching of Zhiyi (538-597), Inter-Religio 42, 21-37
- Rhodes, Robert (2012). The Development of Zhiyi´s Three Contemplations and its Relation to the Three Truths Theory. In Conference Papers: Tiantai Buddhist Thought and Practice, Taipei: Huafan University, pp. 312–357
- Stevenson, Daniel B. (1986). The Four Kinds of Samādhi in Early T'ien-t'ai Buddhism. In: Peter N. Gregory: Traditions of Meditation in Chinese Buddhism Vol. 1, Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, pp. 45–98. ISBN 0-8248-1088-0ISBN 0-8248-1088-0.