The Hindu–Arabic numeral system, sometimes known as the Indo–Arabic numeral or Latin numeral system or simply the Hindu numeral system, Indo numeral system or Arabic numeral system, is a system of numbers used all around the world.[1] It is a base-ten place-value system.[2] This system has ten basic lowercase-only symbols, which are 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9.[3] The Hindu–Arabic numeral system was first created by the Indians in the 6th century and used by the Arabs in the 7th century and Romans in the 16th century.
| Base | Decimal (base 10) |
|---|---|
| Zero | 0 |
| One | 1 |
| Two | 2 |
| Three | 3 |
| Four | 4 |
| Five | 5 |
| Six | 6 |
| Seven | 7 |
| Eight | 8 |
| Nine | 9 |
In Europe, Hindu-Arabic numeral system became very popular after the publication of Liber Abaci, a book written by Italian mathematician Fibonacci.[4] They are very different from previous methods of counting, such as the abacus. The numbers allowed mathematics to develop. In the past, many other number systems had been used.[5]
References
change- ↑ Flegg, Graham 2002. Numbers: their history and meaning. Courier Dover. ISBN 0-486-42165-1
- ↑ Willers, Michael (2021). Mathematics: From Algebra to Algorithms, Adventures in Numbers. London, UK: New Burlington Books. pp. 82–83. ISBN 978-1-80242-020-3.
- ↑ "Hindu-Arabic numerals". Britannica. 15 March 2024. Retrieved 20 March 2024.
- ↑ Willers, Michael (2021). Mathematics: From Algebra to Algorithms, Adventures in Numbers. London, UK: New Burlington Books. pp. 82–83, 98. ISBN 978-1-80242-020-3.
- ↑ Menninger, Karl 1969. Number words and number symbols: a cultural history of numbers. Cambridge MA: MIT Press. ISBN 0-262-13040-8
