Scoliosis

Spine postural abnormalities in which vertebral column has three diamentional curvature

Scoliosis is a medical condition in which the human or animal spine has a sideways curve. The curve is usually S-shaped or C-shaped.[7] In some, the curve is stable. In others, though, it increases over time.[8] Mild scoliosis does not often cause problems. Severe cases, however, can interfere with breathing and can cause pain.

Scoliosis
Pronunciation
Medical specialtyOrthopedic surgery
SymptomsSideways curve in the back[2]
Usual onset10–20 years old[2]
CausesUsually unknown[3]
Risk factorsFamily history, cerebral palsy, Marfan syndrome, tumors such as neurofibromatosis[2]
Diagnostic methodX-ray[2]
TreatmentWatchful waiting, bracing, exercises, surgery[2][4]
Frequency3%[5][6]

The cause of most cases is unknown. However, it is believed to involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Risk factors include having affected family members.

Diagnosis is often confirmed with x-rays.

Scoliosis usually occurs between ages 10 and 20. Males can be affected, although females are more often affected.

References

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  1. "Scoliosis". Merriam Webster. Archived from the original on 11 August 2016. Retrieved 12 August 2016.
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Cite error: The named reference NIH2015 was used but no text was provided for refs named (see the help page).
  3. Cite error: The named reference GHR2013 was used but no text was provided for refs named (see the help page).
  4. Cite error: The named reference Neg2018 was used but no text was provided for refs named (see the help page).
  5. Cite error: The named reference Sh2014 was used but no text was provided for refs named (see the help page).
  6. "Scoliosis - Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment". aans.org. Retrieved 10 February 2022.
  7. "Scoliosis in Children and Adolescents". NIAMS. 7 April 2017. Retrieved September 27, 2019.
  8. "Adolescent Scoliosis". Genetic Home Reference. Retrieved September 27, 2019.