Sudan

Sudan is a country in Africa. The official name of Sudan is The Republic of the Sudan. Its capital and largest city is Khartoum.

Republic of the Sudan جمهورية السودان (Arabic) Jumhūriyyat as-Sūdān
Flag Emblem
Motto: النصر لنا (Arabic) an-Naṣr lanā "Victory is Ours"
Anthem: نحن جند الله، جند الوطن (Arabic) Naḥnu jund Allah, jund al-waṭan (English: "We Are the Soldiers of God, the Soldiers of the Nation")
Sudan in dark green, disputed regions in light green.
Capital	Khartoum 15°38′N 032°32′E
Largest city	Omdurman
Official languages	Arabic English
National language	Sudanese Arabic
Ethnic groups	70% Sudanese Arabs 5.5% Beja 2.5% Nuba 2% Fur 1.2% Egyptian 0.5% Fulani 18.34% other
Demonym(s)	Sudanese
Government	Federal presidential constitutional republic
• President	Abdel Fattah al-Burhan
• First Vice President	Malik Agar
• Second Vice President	Shams al-Din Khabbashi
• Prime Minister	Osman Hussein (acting)
Legislature	Transitional Legislative Council
Formation
• Kingdom of Kush	1070 BC
• Mahdist Sudan	1885
• Anglo-Egyptian Condominium	1899
• Independence and end of the Anglo-Egyptian rule	1 January 1956
• Secession of South Sudan	9 July 2011
Area
• Total	1,886,068 km2 (728,215 sq mi) (15th)
Population
• 2021 estimate	44,909,353 (33rd)
• 2008 census	30,894,000 (disputed)
• Density	21.3/km2 (55.2/sq mi) (202nd)
GDP (PPP)	2018 estimate
• Total	$177.678 billion
• Per capita	$4,232
GDP (nominal)	2018 estimate
• Total	$33.903 billion
• Per capita	$808
Gini (2014)	34.2 medium
HDI (2019)	0.510 low · 170th
Currency	Sudanese pound (SDG)
Time zone	UTC+2 (CAT)
Date format	dd/mm/yyyy
Driving side	right
Calling code	+249
ISO 3166 code	SD
Internet TLD	.sd سودان.

İslam is its largest religion.

Geography

Sudan borders by Egypt to the north, Eritrea and Ethiopia to the east, South Sudan to the south, the Central African Republic to the southwest, Chad to the west, and Libya to the northwest. Sudan has a sea to the northeast called the Red Sea.

Sudan used to have the largest area of all the countries in Africa. However, on July 9, 2011, the southern part of the country left and became a new country, South Sudan. Sudan now has an area of 1,861,484 square kilometres (718,723 square miles). It is the third largest country in Africa by area. The Nile flows through Sudan, providing water to crops. There are many different tribal and ethnic groups, though the country is mainly divided between the north, which has more Arabic people, and the south, which has more people of African descent.

Culture

House of a Sudanese nomad family

People from Sudan are called Sudanese. About 45 million people live in Sudan. Almost two million people live in the capital Khartoum.

Arabic is the official language of Sudan. Most of the people speak in the Sudanese dialect, which is known as Sudanese Arabic. Beja and Hausa are other Afro-Asiatic languages that are spoken in certain parts of the country. Dinka and Nuer are the main Nilo-Saharan languages spoken in Sudan. Several Nubian and Niger-Congo languages are also spoken. As a former colony of Great Britain, English is also spoken throughout the country.

Islam is the official state religion and the majority of Sudanese are Muslims, mostly Sunni. Along the southern border there are also people who are Christian or animist.

The currency of Sudan is called the Sudanese Pound (SDG) (Jinneh Sudani).

War

For several years, the Darfur conflict has been going on in Sudan. Over 400,000 people have died in it.

Related pages

• States of Sudan
• List of rivers of Sudan
• Sudan at the Olympics
• Sudan national football team
• Muhammed Ahmed, the Mahdi

Other websites

Media related to Sudan at Wikimedia Commons